{"id":6814,"date":"2026-11-05T10:43:35","date_gmt":"2026-11-05T10:43:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stourm.news\/?p=6814"},"modified":"2026-11-05T10:43:35","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T10:43:35","slug":"5-novembre-1499-impression-du-catholicon-premier-dictionnaire-breton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stourm.news\/?p=6814","title":{"rendered":"5 novembre 1499 : impression du Catholicon, premier dictionnaire breton"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le 5 novembre 1499, \u00e0 Tr\u00e9guier, l’imprimeur Jehan Calvez ach\u00e8ve l’impression du Catholicon, dictionnaire trilingue breton, fran\u00e7ais et latin compos\u00e9 par Jehan Lagadeuc en 1464. L’ouvrage constitue le premier dictionnaire connu de la langue bretonne et l’un des t\u00e9moignages majeurs de la culture \u00e9crite de la Bretagne \u00e0 la fin du Moyen \u00c2ge.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Originaire de Plougonven, dans le Tr\u00e9gor, Jehan Lagadeuc appartient au clerg\u00e9 lettr\u00e9 breton. Son dictionnaire, \u00e9labor\u00e9 trente-cinq ans avant sa premi\u00e8re impression, r\u00e9pond \u00e0 une ambition intellectuelle consid\u00e9rable : mettre en correspondance les vocabulaires de trois langues utilis\u00e9es dans des contextes diff\u00e9rents, celui de la population bretonnante, celui des \u00e9changes avec le monde francophone et celui de la culture savante et religieuse europ\u00e9enne.<\/span><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9dition de 1499 compte 106 feuillets imprim\u00e9s en caract\u00e8res gothiques, sur deux colonnes. Elle est aujourd’hui d’une extr\u00eame raret\u00e9. Des exemplaires sont notamment conserv\u00e9s \u00e0 Paris, Rennes, Quimper et Manchester. La tradition bibliographique attribue \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le dans sa r\u00e9alisation au chanoine Auffret de Quoatqueveran et \u00e0 l’ouvrier typographe Euzen Roperz.<\/span><\/p>\n

L’importance du Catholicon d\u00e9passe son int\u00e9r\u00eat lexicographique. \u00c0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 la Bretagne vient de traverser les guerres qui ont compromis son ind\u00e9pendance, cet ouvrage atteste la vitalit\u00e9 d’une tradition linguistique et intellectuelle propre au pays. Il offre aujourd’hui un t\u00e9moignage fondamental sur l’anciennet\u00e9 de la culture \u00e9crite bretonne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le premier grand \u00e9quivalent fran\u00e7ais du Catholicon est le Dictionnaire fran\u00e7ois-latin de Robert Estienne, publi\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris sous la date de 1539, mais dont l’impression fut achev\u00e9e le 18 f\u00e9vrier 1540. Il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le premier dictionnaire imprim\u00e9 ayant le fran\u00e7ais comme langue d’entr\u00e9e. Le Catholicon breton pr\u00e9c\u00e8de donc d’environ 41 ans le premier grand dictionnaire fran\u00e7ais \u00e0 entr\u00e9es fran\u00e7aises, et sa r\u00e9daction lui est ant\u00e9rieure de 75 ans. <\/span><\/p>\n

Olier Kerdrel<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le 5 novembre 1499, \u00e0 Tr\u00e9guier, l’imprimeur Jehan Calvez ach\u00e8ve l’impression du Catholicon, dictionnaire trilingue breton, fran\u00e7ais et latin compos\u00e9 par Jehan Lagadeuc en 1464. L’ouvrage constitue le premier dictionnaire connu de la langue bretonne et l’un des t\u00e9moignages majeurs de la culture \u00e9crite de la Bretagne \u00e0 la fin du Moyen \u00c2ge.\u00a0 Originaire de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6815,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sb_editor_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[50,65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoire-de-bretagne","category-principale"],"relative_dates":{"created":"2 heures ago","modified":"2 heures ago"},"yoast_head":"\n5 novembre 1499 : impression du Catholicon, premier dictionnaire breton - STOURM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stourm.news\/?p=6814\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5 novembre 1499 : impression du Catholicon, premier dictionnaire breton - STOURM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le 5 novembre 1499, \u00e0 Tr\u00e9guier, l’imprimeur Jehan Calvez ach\u00e8ve l’impression du Catholicon, dictionnaire trilingue breton, fran\u00e7ais et latin compos\u00e9 par Jehan Lagadeuc en 1464. 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